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Glossary

accommodation

when new information causes a change or adaptation of the new information into preexisting ideas and concepts

active learning

an educational approach in which teachers ask students to apply classroom content during instructional activities and to reflect on the actions they have taken.

andragogy

the art or science of teaching adults

Aristotle

384–322 b.c. Greek philosopher

assimilation

fitting newly learned information into what they already know

B.F. Skinner

American psychologist, behaviorist, inventor, and social philosopher

Behaviorism

psychological theory that studies how people and animals learn and behave through interactions with their environment

Cognitive Integrity

Cognitive Integrity indicate motivation to use one's thinking skills in a fair-minded fashion.

Creative Problem Solving

Creative Problem Solving indicate a tendency to approach problem solving with innovative or original ideas and solutions.

Critical Pedagogy

an educational philosophy that uses critical theory and activist approaches to teaching and learning to challenge oppressive structures in society

Descartes

René 1596–1650 Latin Renatus Cartesius French mathematician and philosopher

Digital literacy

the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share, and create content using information technologies and the Internet

direct needs assessment

A needs assessment that is accomplished through formal research that gathers data from users, specifically your target audience.

empiricism

the practice of relying on observation and experiment especially in the natural sciences

indirect needs assessment

A needs assessment that uses secondary data.

information literacy

the set of skills needed to find, retrieve, analyze, and use information

John Dewey

American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer. He was one of the most prominent American scholars in the first half of the twentieth century.

learning objective

A learning objective is a statement that captures specifically what knowledge, skills, and attitudes your learners should be able to exhibit following instruction

Learning Orientation

learning orientation indicate a motivation or desire to increase one's knowledge and skill base

Learning-Centered Teaching

a set of beliefs or a way of thinking about teaching itself with special emphasis on how we interact with our learners

Lev Vygotsky

Russian and Soviet psychologist, best known for his work on psychological development in children and creating the framework known as cultural-historical activity theory

Liberal Arts

college or university studies (such as language, philosophy, literature, and abstract science) intended to provide chiefly general knowledge and to develop general intellectual capacities (such as reason and judgment) as opposed to professional or vocational skills

LibGuide

A library research guide developed with the SpringShare suite of library apps. These guides are created by library faculty and staff.

Locke

John 1632–1704 English philosopher

Maria Montessori

Italian physician and educator best known for her philosophy of education and her writing on scientific pedagogy.

Mental Focus

mental focus indicate self-reported diligence, focus, systematicity, task-orientation, organization, and clear-headedness

metaliteracy

Metaliteracy is the ability to evaluate information for its bias, reliability, and credibility and apply them in the context of production and sharing of knowledge

mindfulness

a mental state achieved by focusing one's awareness on the present moment, while calmly acknowledging and accepting one's feelings, thoughts, and bodily sensations, used as a therapeutic technique.

needs assessment

systematic approach to studying the state of knowledge, ability, interest, or attitude of a defined audience or group involving a particular subject

Paolo Friere

Brazilian educator and philosopher who was a leading advocate of critical pedagogy

pedagogy

the art, science, or profession of teaching.

Piaget

Swiss psychologist known for his work on child development. Piaget's theory of cognitive development and epistemological view are together called genetic epistemology

Plato

circa 428–348(or 347) b.c. Greek philosopher

rationalism

a theory that reason is in itself a source of knowledge superior to and independent of sense perceptions

Social Constructivism

a sociological theory that states that knowledge is constructed through social interactions and that human development is socially situated

The Enlightenment

a movement of the 18th century that stressed the belief that science and logic give people more knowledge and understanding than tradition and religion

the Renaissance

the period of European history between the 14th and 17th centuries when there was a new interest in science and in ancient art and literature especially in Italy

Thorndike

Edward Lee 1874–1949 American psychologist

Training Needs Analysis (TNA)

formal process of identifying a training gap and its related training need

transliteracy

the ability for students to make meaning across multiple literacy platforms

visual literacy

the ability to make sense of a whole range of visual information